Genetic resources of farm animals play an important role in ensuring food security of our country. The preservation of the genetic fund is ensured by reproductive technologies based on cryopreservation of biomaterial. Freezing biological samples at a temperature of –80 оC (in industrial freezers) or –196 оC (in tanks with liquid nitrogen) allows not only to store the material, but also expands the range of practical and scientific tasks, the solution of which was previously impossible. For these purposes, conservation selection widely uses cryobanks and new innovative preservatives, a promising component of which are natural biopolymers. It is known that polysaccharides of basidiomycetes have a high complexing capacity, which determines their wide range of biological action. The ability of functional groups of polysaccharides to bind a large number of molecules of free extracellular water is valuable for cryopreservation technology, which helps slow down metabolism and prepare reproductive cells for exposure to low temperatures. A possible mechanism of polysaccharides cryoprotective effect may also be their antioxidant action – the ability to interrupt the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation and block the damaging effect of toxic products of the radical process. This study demonstrates the importance of polysaccharides of basidiomycetes of different taxa in the technology of cryopreservation of Holstein bulls spermatozoa. It was found that after 28 days of spermatozoa storage (observation period) at –80 оC, their motility indices were significantly higher provided that Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. / Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. / Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler polysaccharides were in the frozen biological medium. In addition, the number of spermatozoa without damage to the cell membrane and DNA was statistically higher when they were frozen in a medium with polysaccharides from Hericium erinaceus or Lentinula edodes. The above indicates a high potential for using this group of substances in the development of innovative technologies for long-term storage of genetic material.
ISSN 1995-4301
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