Installation for gasification of carbon-containing wastes
S.N. Saltykova, M.Yu. Nazarenko, R.V. Kozlov, A.D. Korshunov
Section: Ecologization of industry
The process of carbonaceous materials gasification is especially relevant in Russia, where the volume of coal waste exceeds 120 million tons. A gasification installation for carbon-containing waste operating in the fixed-bed mode has been developed. Experiments on gasification of fine coal fraction samples (1–2 mm) were carried out using preheated air, a steam-air mixture, and air with added carbon dioxide as gasifying agents. The work used the methods of differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and chromatographic analysis. Additions of water vapor and carbon dioxide made it possible to increase the heat of combustion and increase the gasification efficiency to 54%. The operating mode of the gas generator was determined, ensuring the production of synthesis gas with a calorific value of 3.6 MJ/nm3. It is shown that the highest efficiency of gas generation is achieved in the steam-air gasification mode with the addition of water vapor in the amount of 0.1 kg per 1 kg of coal and with the use of air as a gasifying agent with the addition of carbon dioxide in a volume ratio of 100:5. It is established that an increase in the addition of water vapor and carbon dioxide above the optimal amounts leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the gasification process. The process can use waste from various industries, including oil sludge, which determines its significance for the effective management of carbon-containing waste and for achieving broader environmental and economic goals.
Keywords: hard coal, carbon containing waste, gasification, fixed bed, gas generator, air blast, steam-air gasification, gasifying agent
Article published in number 4 for 2025 DOI: 10.25750/1995-4301-2025-4-153-159
ISSN 1995-4301
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