Effect of phosphorus-containing pesticides on the enzymatic activity and multiple forms of acid phosphatase of river snail (Viviparus viviparus L.)
E.A. Tishina, T.S. Droganova, L.V. Polikarpova, N.V. Vasiliev
Section: Ecotoxicology
Organophosphate pesticides are used in agriculture and for treating landscape and park areas due to their high efficiency and economic availability, and therefore they are potential toxicants in water bodies. Broad-spectrum systemic herbicide (Glyphosate) and an organophosphorus insecticide (Malathion) have been studied against the freshwater mollusks (Viviparus viviparus L.), widespread in permanent water bodies of the European part of Russia and Siberia. Changes in the activity and composition of multiple forms of acid phosphatase (AcP) were revealed in the hepatopan creas of mollusks under the influence of high doses of glyphosate and malathion in an acute toxicological experiment (96 hours). In both cases, an increase in enzyme activity is observed, but the cholinomimetic malathion is significantly more active than glyphosate, the neurotropic activity of which is unknown. It was shown that the increase in activity in the experimental groups of mollusks is associated with the appearance of new multiple forms of acid phosphatase, which persist throughout the experiment. Multiple form of AсP with low relative electrophoretic mobility revealed as an effect of glyphosate and malathion. In addition, in mollusks exposed to malathion, a multiple form of the enzyme with an average electrophoretic mobility was detected. The composition of multiple forms of acid phosphatase in mollusks of the control group did not change during the exposure. The results indicate the formation of nonspecific adaptations in response to organophosphate pesticides and confirm that acid phosphatase can be an indicator of toxic effects in environmental and biochemical monitoring of freshwater pollution.
Keywords: ecological and biochemical monitoring, hydrobionts, river snail, toxic effect, glyphosate, malathion, enzymes, acid phosphatase, multiple forms of the enzyme
Article published in number 2 for 2024 DOI: 10.25750/1995-4301-2024-2-151-158
ISSN 1995-4301
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