ISSN 1995-4301
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ISSN 2618-8406
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Biodegradation of polymeric composite materials by microscopic fungi

E. Kh. Sakaeva, Yu. V. Kulikova, L. V. Rudakova
Section: Ecologization of industry
The objects of research were polymer composite materials (PCM) based on various reinforced materials and binders: fiberglass, organoplastics and carbon plastics. The program of experimental studies included three stages. At the first stage, studies were conducted to identify groups of microorganisms involved in the biodegradation of PCM. The second stage of the research is devoted to determining the generic and species belonging to microorganisms obtained in the first stage. At the third stage, the efficiency of the process of biological destruction of PCM by isolated groups of microorganisms was evaluated. Determination of groups of microorganisms involved in biodestruction was carried out by seeding on liquid nutrient substrates. Fungi resistance was determined in accordance with GOST 9.049-91. The main groups of microorganisms developing on the surface of composites are representatives of the genus Peni� cillium (P. chrysogenum, P. funiculosum, P. cyclopium) and the genus Aspergillus (A. niger, A. terreus, A. oryzae). The evaluation of the fungi resistance showed that the PCM are non-resistance, so the growth of the fungi is estimated at 4‒ to 5 points. The epoxy matrix is the least fungi resistant, whereas the phenol-formaldehyde matrix more resistant to fungal destructors. The results of the study shows the advisability of biodegradation technology with microscopic fungi using for the utilization of polymeric composite materials based on epoxy and phenol-formaldehyde resins reinforced with glass, carbon or organic fibers.
Keywords: biodegradation, mold fungi, fungi resistance, polymeric composite materials

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Article published in number 4 for 2018
DOI: 10.25750/1995-4301-2018-4-061-068
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