Reducing the environmental threat of motor vehiclesby converting engines for operating on natural gas
V. Romanyuk, V. A. Likhanov, O. P. Lopatin
Section: Research methods. Models and projects
The article explains the necessity of using natural gas (NG) for motor vehicle diesel engines, which makes it possible
to reduce their environmental threat and to save motor oil fuel. The composition of the NG used and its physic-chemical
properties are presented in the article. In order to determine and to optimize the amount of the NG supplied for motor
diesel engines, the authors of the article have tested them on the electro-brake testing bench SAK-N670, which has a
balanced pendulum and the weighing machine “Rapido”. At the same time, the toxicity level of the exhaust gases (EG)
was determined using an automatic gas analysis system “ASGA-T”, and the smoke intensity of the exhaust gas was
estimated using an optical-electric reflectometer “Bosch EFAW-68A”. It has been experimentally established that for
the NG using in the tested motor vehicles diesel engines, it is necessary to maintain the following ratio of components:
gas should be 80%, diesel fuel filling should be 20%. When converting diesel engine 4F 11.0/2.5 installed on trucks
and tractors of urban public utilities to NG, and while the simultaneous use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in it at a
rate of 20% (EGR is applied to eliminate the increased nitrogen oxides as a result of using NG), the content of nitrogen
oxides (NO
x
) in EG is reduced by 30.0–30.1%, carbon soot is reduced by 82.0–88.7%; carbon dioxide (CO
2
) is decreased
by 31.6–35.6%. When converting a diesel engine 4FC 11.0/12.5 installed on city passenger buses to NG, in the EG a
decrease in NO
x
content by 5.5–35.1% occurs; carbon soot decreases by 88.2–92.0%; carbon monoxide (CO) decreases
by up to 21.6%. The conversion of these motor diesel engines to work on NG, in addition to improving the environmental
performance of their EG indicators, also helps to save oil motor fuel in the amount of 80%.
Keywords: natural gas, exhaust gases, diesel, ecology of city
Article published in number 3 for 2018 DOI: 10.25750/1995-4301-2018-3-027-032
ISSN 1995-4301
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