The dynamics of the elements of fitness of experimental populations of Drosophila under conditions of chronic low-intensity exposure
I.N. Yuraneva, V.G. Zainullin
Section: Population ecology
One of the main issues of radiobiology is the study not only of the sensitivity of cellular structures and individual
systems of the body under chronic irradiation, but also the study of genetic variability of populations. Chronic exposure
increases mutations in the population and stabilizes the number of mutations after several generations. It is shown that
as a result of low-dose exposure to natural populations, the genetic load has been growing for many generations until
the level of mutation load stabilizes.
The study of the dynamics of genetic variability of populations, which is characterized by indicators of adaptation
of individuals (fertility, viability) to environmental conditions and mutation load (dominant lethal mutations) allows
not only to assess the sensitivity of populations to the effects of adverse factors, but also to determine the mechanisms
of maintaining homeosis populations in changing conditions. The effects of low-dose chronic radiation on experimental
populations of Drosophila derived from wild-type lines that differ in the content of mobile genetic elements are studied.
It is shown that chronic irradiation (0.25 mGy/h, Ra-226) for 30 generations leads to destabilization of the genome,
manifested in changes in the indicators of adaptability and mutability of populations, namely, in a significant increase
in the level of embryonic mortality, reducing the level of viability, increasing the frequency of dominant lethals, reducing
fertility in irradiated populations.
ISSN 1995-4301
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