The review is devoted to the environmental effect on the red blood parameters (RBPs) of canine animals. Environmental conditions can significantly affect the blood composition, causing the physiological reactions of the body. Seasonal changes in RBPs play a significant role in the adaptation of animals to the environment. In winter, compared with summer, there is an increase in the level of hematocrit, hemoglobin and the number of red blood cells in animals, due to a decrease in the total blood volume in animals during the cold season, when water consumption is limited. Most of the RBPs are higher in wild animals than those of domesticated animals. Infection of animals with parasites decreases the content of red blood cells and hemoglobin. The degree of changes in RBPs depends on the type of parasite and the severity of the disease. Environmental pollution with car exhaust fumes leads to a decrease in the content of red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit. Prolonged exposure to these substances can lead to anemia, platelet dysfunction, and other serious diseases. Radiation also contributes to anemia, and this occurs as early as 2 weeks after radioactive exposure. Border zones and agricultural landscapes are characterized by high environmental stress, including parasitic pressure and contact with pets, which can cause physiological changes in the body. The ability of animals to adapt and maintain homeostasis plays a key role in maintaining their health in a changing environment. It is shown that the RBPs in canine animals are reliable indicators in the methods of diagnosis, treatment and prediction of animal diseases. RBPs’ changes indicate pathophysiological reactions. Canidae RBPs change under the environmental effect, so RBPs can be used as indicators to assess the environmental changes and physiological status of animals.
Keywords: environment, body adaptation, red blood parameters, Canidae
Article published in number 2 for 2026 DOI: 10.25750/1995-4301-2026-2-006-015
ISSN 1995-4301
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