<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теоретическая и прикладная экология</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1995-4301</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25750/1995-4301-2026-3-184-190</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Токсичность меди для Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard, 1894 в условиях повышенной минерализации и содержания органического вещества</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Copper toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard, 1894 under increased mineralization and high organic matter content</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеромов</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheromov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8691-4042</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ложкина</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozhkina</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><email>lozhkina.roza@yandex.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3087-0691</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олькова</surname><given-names>A. С.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Olkova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>usr08617@vyatsu.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5798-8211</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vyatka State University</institution><city xml:lang="en">Kirov</city><country xml:lang="en">Russia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Вятский государственный университет</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Киров</city><country xml:lang="ru">Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><city xml:lang="en">Borok</city><country xml:lang="en">Russia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии внутренних вод им. И.Д. Папанина Российской академии наук</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Борок</city><country xml:lang="ru">Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-29"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><fpage>184</fpage><lpage>190</lpage><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.envjournal.ru/arhvr.php?q=991" xlink:title="http://www.envjournal.ru/arhvr.php?q=991">http://www.envjournal.ru/arhvr.php?q=991</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-e6837a03-bce2-4130-a804-854c55d0d767.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Различная степень токсичности природных и техногенных сред, имеющих одинаковый уровень загрязнения потенциально опасными веществами, например, тяжёлыми металлами, вследствие действия дополнительных факторов, остаётся одной из центральных проблем экологической токсикологии. Целью данной работы была оценка влияния колебаний минерализации и содержания органического вещества в водной среде на токсичность меди для ветвистослого рачка Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard, 1894. Проводили биотестирование воды, в которую вносили CuSO4·5H2O (0,005; 0,01; 0,025 мг/л в расчёте на Cu2+). Влияние минерализации и органического вещества на эффекты Cu2+ оценивали путём внесения в аналогичные растворы NaCl (0,5; 1,0; 2,0 г/л) и гумата калия (0,5; 1,0; 2,5 %) с дальнейшим сравнением результатов анализа. Влияние минерализации на токсичность Cu2+ было двойственным. Умеренное увеличение её уровня (добавление 0,5 г/л NaCl) значимо снижало токсичность Cu2+, что проявлялось в снижении смертности рачков при концентрациях 0,005 и 0,025 мг/л (p &lt; 0,05). Однако высокий уровень минерализации (2,0 г/л NaCl) на фоне максимальной концентрации Cu2+ (0,025 мг/л) вызывал 100 % гибель тест-организмов. Плодовитость C. dubia при росте минерализации закономерно снижалась. Добавление органического вещества (в виде гумата калия) в условиях негативного действия Cu2+ приводило к снижению смертности и повышению репродуктивной функции C. dubia. Наиболее выраженный эффект наблюдался при максимальной концентрации Cu2+ (0,025 мг/л). Так плодовитость рачков в вариантах с добавками 0,5; 1 и 2,5 % гумата калия была выше контроля в 6,9; 6,7 и 3,2 раза соответственно. Следовательно, совместное действие тяжёлых металлов и сопутствующих абиотических факторов, таких как уровень минерализации и содержание органического вещества, в значительной степени определяется их соотношением в среде.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The variability in toxicity of the same hazardous substance across different environments due to the influence of additional factors is a key challenge in bioassay. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of water mineralization and organic matter content on copper toxicity to the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard, 1894. Test organisms were exposed to waters amended with CuSO4·5H2O (0.005, 0.01 and 0.025 mg/L Cu2+). Sodium chloride (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/L) and potassium humate (0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 %) were added to the above solutions to assess the effect of mineralization and organic matter. The effect of mineralization on copper toxicity was twofold. A moderate increase in mineralization (0.5 g/L NaCl) significantly reduced copper toxicity, as evidenced by decreased C. dubia mortality at 0.005 and 0.025 mg/L Cu2+ (p &lt; 0.05). Conversely, high mineralization (2.0 g/L NaCl) combined with a high copper content (0.025 mg/L) resulted in 100 % mortality. Furthermore, C. dubia fertility showed a consistent negative correlation with increasing mineralization. Organic matter addition reduces mortality and enhances reproductive output in C. dubia. This effect was most pronounced at the highest Cu2+ concentration (0.025 mg/L). Specifically, Ceriodaphnia brood size in treatments supplemented with 0.5 %, 1 % and 2.5 % potassium humate was 6.9, 6.7 and 3.2 times higher than in the corresponding control, respectively.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медь</kwd><kwd>хлорид натрия</kwd><kwd>гумат калия</kwd><kwd>минерализация</kwd><kwd>органическое вещество</kwd><kwd>совместное действие веществ</kwd><kwd>биотестирование</kwd><kwd>водная среда</kwd><kwd>Ceriodaphnia dubia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>copper</kwd><kwd>sodium chloride</kwd><kwd>potassium humate</kwd><kwd>mineralization</kwd><kwd>organic matter</kwd><kwd>combined effect of substances</kwd><kwd>bioassay</kwd><kwd>aquatic environment</kwd><kwd>Ceriodaphnia dubia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Часть экспериментальных работ выполнена в рамках государственного задания № 124032500015-7 «Роль абиотических и биотических факторов в формировании физиологобиохимических и иммунологических показателей гидробионтов».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Олькова А.С., Ашихмина Т.Я. Факторы получения репрезентативных результатов биотестирования водных сред (обзор) // Теоретическая и прикладная экология. 2021. № 2. С. 22–30. doi: 10.25750/1995-4301-2021-2-022-030</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Карманова И.В. Экологические аспекты водной токсикологии // Вестник Камчатского государственного технического университета. 2008. № 7. С. 137–142.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref3"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Stuijfzand S.C., Jonker M.J., van Ammelrooy E., Admiraal W. Species-specific responses to metals in organically enriched river water, with emphasis on effects of humic acids // Environ. Pollut. 1999. V. 106. No. 1. P. 115–121. doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00052-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref4"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Hall L.W.Jr., Anderson R.D. The influence of salinity on the toxicity of various classes of chemicals to aquatic biota // Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 1995. V. 25. No. 4. P. 281–346. doi: 10.3109/10408449509021613</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref5"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Griffith M.B. Natural variation and current reference for specific conductivity and major ions in wadeable streams of the conterminous USA // Freshwater Sci. 2014. V. 33. No. 1. P. 1–17. doi: 10.1086/674704</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref6"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Шестеркин В.П., Синькова И.С., Шестеркина Н.М. Солевой состав вод малых рек центральной части Хабаровска в период весеннего половодья // Региональные проблемы. 2022. Т. 25. № 3. С. 60–62. doi: 10.31433/2618-9593-2022-25-3-60-62</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref7"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Лепихин А.П., Любимова Т.П., Паршакова Я.Н., Тиунов А.А. К проблеме отведения избыточных рассолов в водные объекты предприятиями калийной промышленности // Водное хозяйство России. 2010. № 3. С. 57–74.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref8"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Krodkiewska M., Spyra A., Cieplok A. Assessment of pollution, and ecological status in rivers located in the Vistula and Oder river basins impacted by the mining industry in Central Europe (Poland) // Ecol. Indic. 2022. V. 144. Article No. 109505. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109505</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref9"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Mount D.I., Norberg T.J. A seven-day life-cycle cladoceran toxicity test // Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1984. V. 3. P. 425–434. doi: 10.1002/etc.5620030307</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref10"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Александрова В.В. Применение метода биотестирования в анализе токсичности природных и сточных вод (на примере Нижневартовского района Тюменской области). Нижневартовск: Изд-во Нижневарт. гуманит. ун-та, 2009. 94 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref11"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Cooper N.L., Bidwell J.R., Kumar A. Toxicity of copper, lead, and zinc mixtures to dubia and Daphnia carinata // Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2009. V. 72. No. 5. P. 1523–1528. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.03.002</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref12"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">De Schamphelaere K.A.C., Janssen C.R. Development and field validation of a biotic ligand model predicting chronic copper toxicity to Daphnia magna // Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2004. V. 3. No. 6. P. 1365–1375. doi: 10.1897/02-626</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref13"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Paquin P.R., Gorsuch J.W., Apte S., Batley G.E., Bowles K.C., Campbell P.G.C., Delos C.G., Di Toro D.M., Dwyer R.L., Galvez F., Gensemer R.W., Goss G.G., Hostrand C., Janssen C.R., McGeer J.C., Naddy R.B., Playle R.C., Santore R.C., Schneider U., Stubblefield W.A., Wood C.M., Wu K.B. The biotic ligand model: a historical overview // Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C: Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2002. V. 133. No. 1–2. P. 3–35. doi: 10.1016/s1532-0456(02)00112-6</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref14"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Park K., Kwak I.S. Growth retardation and suppression of ubiquitin-dependent catabolic processes in the brackish water clam Corbicula japonica in response to salinity changes and bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals // Environ. Pollut. 2023. V. 337. Article No. 122554. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122554</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref15"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Beveridge A., Pickering W.F. Influence of humate-solute interactions on aqueous heavy metal ion levels // Water Air Soil Pollut. 1980. V. 14. P. 171–185. doi: 10.1007/BF00291834</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref16"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Скороходова А.А., Савичев О.Г. Содержание и формы миграции меди и цинка в природных водах Васюганского болота // Вестник Томского государственного университета. 2013. № 368. С. 166–172.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref17"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Timofeev M.A., Shatilina Z.M., Bedulina D.S., Menzel R., Steinberg C.E.W. Natural organic matter (NOM) has the potential to modify the multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) activity in freshwater amphipods Eu‑limnogammarus cyaneus and E. verrucosus // Comp. Bio‑chem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2007. V. 146. No. 4. P. 496–503. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2006.11.017</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref18"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Steinberg C.E.W., Paul A., Pflugmacher S., Meinelt T., Klöcking R., Wiegand C. Pure humic substances have the potential to act as xenobiotic chemicals – A review // Fresenius Environ. Bull. 2003. V. 12. No. 5. P. 391–401.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref19"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Pieńkowska A., Fleischmann J., Drabesch S., Merbach I., Wang G., Rocha U., Reitz T., Muehe E.M. Long-term organic fertilization shields soil prokaryotes from metal stress while mineral fertilization exacerbates it // Environ. Pollut. 2025. V. 382. Article No. 126747. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126747</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref20"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Olkova A.S., Ashikhmina T.Ya. Factors of obtaining representative results of bioassay of aquatic environments (review) // Theoretical and Applied Ecology. 2021. No. 2. P. 22–30 (in Russian). doi: 10.25750/1995-4301-20212-022-030</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref21"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Karmanova I.V. Ecological aspects of aquatic toxicology // Vestnik Kamchatskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2008. No. 7. P. 137–142 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref22"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Stuijfzand S.C., Jonker M.J., van Ammelrooy E., Admiraal W. Species-specific responses to metals in organically enriched river water, with emphasis on effects of humic acids // Environ. Pollut. 1999. V. 106. No. 1. P. 115–121. doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00052-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref23"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Hall L.W.Jr., Anderson R.D. The influence of salinity on the toxicity of various classes of chemicals to aquatic biota // Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 1995. V. 25. No. 4. P. 281–346. doi: 10.3109/10408449509021613</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref24"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Griffith M.B. Natural variation and current reference for specific conductivity and major ions in wadeable streams of the conterminous USA // Freshwater Sci. 2014. V. 33. No. 1. P. 1–17. doi: 10.1086/674704</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref25"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Shesterkin V.P., Sinkova I.S., Shesterkina N.M. Salt composition in waters of the Khabarovsk central part small rivers during spring flood // Regional’nye Problemy. 2022. V. 25. No. 3. P. 60–62 (in Russian). doi: 10.31433/2618-9593-2022-25-3-60-62</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref26"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Lepikhin A.P., Lyubimova T.P., Parshakova Ya.N., Tiunov A.A. To the problem of discharge of excess brines into water bodies by potash industry enterprises // Vodnoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2010. No. 3. P. 57–74 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref27"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Krodkiewska M., Spyra A., Cieplok A. Assessment of pollution, and ecological status in rivers located in the Vistula and Oder river basins impacted by the mining industry in Central Europe (Poland) // Ecol. Indic. 2022. V. 144. Article No. 109505. doi: 10.1016/j. ecolind.2022.109505</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref28"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Mount D.I., Norberg T.J. A seven-day life-cycle cladoceran toxicity test // Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1984. V. 3. P. 425–434. doi: 10.1002/etc.5620030307</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref29"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Aleksandrova V.V. Application of the biotesting method in the analysis of toxicity of natural and waste waters (on the example of the Nizhnevartovsk district of the Tyumen region). Nizhnevartovsk: Izdatelstvo Nizhnevartovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta, 2009. 94 p. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref30"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Cooper N.L., Bidwell J.R., Kumar A. Toxicity of copper, lead, and zinc mixtures to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia carinata // Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2009. V. 72. No. 5. P. 1523–1528. doi: 10.1016/j. ecoenv.2009.03.002</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref31"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">De Schamphelaere K.A.C., Janssen C.R. Development and field validation of a biotic ligand model predicting chronic copper toxicity to Daphnia magna // Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2004. V. 3. No. 6. P. 1365–1375. doi: 10.1897/02-626</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref32"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Paquin P.R., Gorsuch J.W., Apte S., Batley G.E., Bowles K.C., Campbell P.G.C., Delos C.G., Di Toro D.M., Dwyer R.L., Galvez F., Gensemer R.W., Goss G.G., Hostrand C., Janssen C.R., McGeer J.C., Naddy R.B., Playle R.C., Santore R.C., Schneider U., Stubblefield W.A., Wood C.M., Wu K.B. The biotic ligand model: a historical overview // Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C: Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2002. V. 133. No. 1–2. P. 3–35. doi: 10.1016/s15320456(02)00112-6</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref33"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Park K., Kwak I.S. Growth retardation and suppression of ubiquitin-dependent catabolic processes in the brackish water clam Corbicula japonica in response to salinity changes and bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals // Environ. Pollut. 2023. V. 337. Article No. 122554. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122554</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref34"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Beveridge A., Pickering W.F. Influence of humate-solute interactions on aqueous heavy metal ion levels // Water Air Soil Pollut. 1980. V. 14. P. 171–185. doi: 10.1007/BF00291834</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref35"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Skorokhodova A.A., Savichev O.G. Content and migration forms of copper and zinc in natural waters of the Vasyugan swamp // Tomsk State University Journal. 2013. No. 368. P. 166–172 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref36"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Timofeev M.A. Shatilina Z.M., Bedulina D.S., Menzel R., Steinberg C.E.W. Natural organic matter (NOM) has the potential to modify the multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) activity in freshwater amphipods Eulimnogammarus cyaneus and E. verrucosus // Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2007. V. 146. No. 4. P. 496–503. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2006.11.017</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref37"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Steinberg C.E.W., Paul A., Pflugmacher S., Meinelt T., Klöcking R., Wiegand C. Pure humic substances have the potential to act as xenobiotic chemicals – A review //Fresenius Environ. Bull. 2003. V. 12. No. 4. P. 391–401.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref38"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Pieńkowska A., Fleischmann J., Drabesch S., Merbach I., Wang G., Rocha U., Reitz T., Muehe E.M. Long-term organic fertilization shields soil prokaryotes from metal stress while mineral fertilization exacerbates it // Environ. Pollut. 2025. V. 382. Article No. 126747. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126747</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list><ack xml:lang="ru"><p>Авторы выражают благодарность О.А. Угаровой старшему инженеру лаборатории физиологии и токсикологии водных животных ИБВВ РАН за помощь в проведении экспериментов по биотестированию.</p></ack></back></article>
