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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теоретическая и прикладная экология</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1995-4301</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25750/1995-4301-2026-3-087-094</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Биоиндикация ртутного загрязнения Бурейского водохранилища после зимнего оползня</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bioindication of mercury pollution in the Bureya Reservoir after the winter landslide</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyeva</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7737-4786</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-5066</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвиненко</surname><given-names>З. Н.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinenko</surname><given-names>Z. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><email>zoyana2003@mail.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1421-2827</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Khabarovsk Federal Research Center</institution><city xml:lang="en">Khabarovsk</city><country xml:lang="en">Russia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of the Water and Ecology problems Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><city xml:lang="en">Khabarovsk</city><country xml:lang="en">Russia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Хабаровский Федеральный исследовательский центр</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Хабаровск</city><country xml:lang="ru">Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт водных и экологических проблем Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Хабаровск</city><country xml:lang="ru">Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-29"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.envjournal.ru/arhvr.php?q=961" xlink:title="http://www.envjournal.ru/arhvr.php?q=961">http://www.envjournal.ru/arhvr.php?q=961</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-47093942-3acb-405e-a5cb-a10e96be9a47.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В декабре 2018 г. при температуре -32 °C на Бурейском водохранилище сошёл гигантский оползень объёмом 24,5 млн м3. Оползень спровоцировал цунами и уничтожение леса, перекрыл доступ воды к Бурейской ГЭС. В результате взрывных работ был создан искусственный канал. Оползень выступил в роли биогеохимического барьера и важным фактором, влияющим на процессы формирования качества воды за счёт взаимодействия воды с размельчёнными горными породами, поступления большого объёма растительных остатков и органических веществ из разрушенного почвенного покрова. Масштабы последствий для экосистемы Бурейского водохранилища трудно оценить без использования современного интеграционного подхода, основанного на сочетании биологических и физико-химических методов. В летний период 2022 г. на водохранилище проведены экологические исследования in situ и in vitro с использованием микробиологических и спектральных методов. В качестве объектов биоиндикации состояния водохранилища в зоне влияния оползня выступали микробные комплексы и отдельные штаммы культивируемых гетеротрофных бактерий, выделенных из разных местообитаний (поверхностные/ придонные слои воды; заливы, заполненные древесиной). В зоне влияния оползня из проб воды выделено 62 штамма бактерий. Около 50 % штаммов оказались ртуть-резистентными и росли в присутствии 100 мг/л Hg(NO3)2. Максимальную устойчивость к ртутному загрязнению проявляли штаммы сульфатредуцирующих бактерий, которые встречались в заливах с плавающей древесиной. Для оценки активности микробной трансформации модельного соединения гумата натрия в присутствии ртути использовали спектрофотометрический метод (Shimadzu UV-3600). Штаммы бактерий, выделенные из придонной воды с глубины 65 м, трансформировали ароматическую составляющую гумата натрия до группы компонентов-предшественников токсичных летучих веществ, способствующих образованию метилртути. В качестве биоиндикаторов пролонгированного экологического риска ртутного загрязнения Бурейского водохранилища в зоне влияния оползня рекомендованы сульфатредуцирующие бактерии с повышенной ртуть-резистентностью.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>In December 2018, at a temperature of -32 оC, a giant landslide with a volume of 24.5 million m3 occurred on the Bureya Reservoir (BR). The landslide triggered tsunami and forest destruction, blocking water access to the Bureya Hydroelectric Power Station. An artificial channel was created as a result of blasting operations. The landslide acted as a biogeochemical barrier and a significant factor affecting water quality due to the water interaction with crushed rock and the influx of large volumes of plant debris and organic matter from the destroyed soil cover. The scale of the impact on the BR ecosystem is difficult to assess without a modern integrated approach based on a combination of biological and physicochemical methods. In the summer of 2022, ecological studies in situ and in vitro using microbiological and spectral methods were conducted on the BR. Microbial complexes and individual strains of cultured heterotrophic bacteria isolated from different habitats (surface and bottom water layers; bays filled with wood) served as bioindication objects of the BR state at the research sites. 62 bacterial strains were isolated from water samples in the landslide-affected zone. About 50 % of the strains were Hg-resistant and grew in the presence of 100 mg/L Hg(NO3)2. The strains of sulfatereducing bacteria that were found in bays with floating wood showed maximum resistance to mercury pollution. We use spectrophotometric method (Shimadzu UV-3600) to assess the activity of microbial transformation of the model sodium humate in the presence of mercury. Bacterial strains isolated from bottom water from a depth of 65 m transform the aromatic component of sodium humate into precursors of toxic volatile compounds that contribute methylmercury formation. Sulfate-reducing bacteria with increased Hg-resistance recommended as bioindicators of the long-term environmental risk of mercury pollution in the BR landslide zone.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оползень</kwd><kwd>водохранилище</kwd><kwd>микробные комплексы</kwd><kwd>гуминовые вещества</kwd><kwd>метилртуть</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>landslide</kwd><kwd>reservoir</kwd><kwd>microbial complexes</kwd><kwd>humic substances</kwd><kwd>methylmercury</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования проведены с использованием ресурсов Центра коллективного пользования «Центр исследования минерального сырья» ХФИЦ ДВО РАН, финансируемого Российской Федерацией в лице Минобрнауки России по соглашению № 075-15-2025-621.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Lima A.C., Siyanda D., Wrona F.J. 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