Теоретическая и прикладная экология1995-43012618-840610.25750/1995-4301-2026-2-219-228OtherВлияние погодных условий вегетационного периода на фотосинтез и эвапотранспирацию в сосняке бруснично-лишайниковом среднетаёжной подзоныWeather during the growing season affect photosynthesis and evapotranspiration in the cowberry-lichen pine forest of the middle taiga subzoneЗагироваС. В.ZagirovaS. V.zagirova@ib.komisc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3304-4160МигловецМ. Н.MiglovetsM. N.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-1144ГуляевР. Г.GuluaevR. G.https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3209-6647Institute of Biology of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesSyktyvkarRussiaИнститут биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наукСыктывкарРоссия250620262219228http://www.envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v2/26222.pdf

Измерения экосистемных потоков СО2 и Н2О в период вегетации выполнены методом турбулентных пульсаций в сосняке бруснично-лишайниковом на территории Печоро-Илычского заповедника в 2021-2023 гг. Температурно-влажностный режим определял межгодовые различия гросс экосистемного фотосинтеза (GEP) и эвапотранспирации (ET). Суммарный ET в мае-августе разных лет наблюдений составил 139-240 кг Н2О/м2, а суммарный GEP - 1,7-2,4 кг СО2/м2. Экосистемные потоки СО2 и Н2О снижались с увеличением дефицита упругости водяного пара в атмосферном воздухе (VPD) при недоборе осадков в летние месяцы. Повышенный запас влаги в почве в первой половине вегетационного периода компенсировал отрицательный эффект дефицита атмосферных осадков в летний период на фотосинтез и эвапотранспирацию. Установлена нелинейная зависимость среднесуточных значений GEP и ET. Эффективность использования влаги на фотосинтез (WUE) в сосняке бруснично-лишайниковом в разные годы изменялась в пределах 7-16 мг СО2/г Н2О. Сбалансированность потоков СО2 и Н2О определяла незначительное варьирование WUE в течение сезона. Результаты многолетних наблюдений могут быть востребованы для верификации существующих климатических моделей и прогнозирования изменений углеродного обмена в таёжных лесах при аномальных погодных явлениях в регионе.

Ecosystem CO2 and H2O fluxes were measured during the growing season using the turbulent pulsation method in a cowberry-lichen pine forest in the Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve in 2021-2023. Temperature and humidity determined interannual differences in gross ecosystem photosynthesis (GEP) and evapotranspiration (ET). Total ET in May-August of different observation years ranged from 139-240 kg H2O/m2, while total GEP ranged from 1.7-2.4 kg CO2/m2. Ecosystem CO2 and H2O fluxes decreased with increasing vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and precipitation shortages in summer. Increased soil moisture in the first half of the growing season offset the negative impact of summer precipitation deficits on photosynthesis and evapotranspiration. A nonlinear relationship was established between average daily GEP and ET values. Water use efficiency (WUE) for photosynthesis in the cowberry-lichen pine forest varied between 7 and 16 mg CO2/g H2O across years. Balanced CO2 and H2O fluxes determined insignificant variations of WUE throughout the season. The results of long-term observations can be used to verify existing climate models and predict changes in carbon cycle in taiga forests during extreme weather events in the region.

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