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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теоретическая и прикладная экология</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1995-4301</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25750/1995-4301-2026-2-145-155</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Исследование механизма адсорбционной очистки сточных вод от поверхностно-активных веществ модифицированным отходом энергетики для снижения антропогенного воздействия на окружающую среду</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the mechanism of adsorption wastewater treatment from surfactants by modified energy waste to reduce anthropogenic impact on the environment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исхакова</surname><given-names>Р. Я.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskhakova</surname><given-names>R. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>imreginaiskh@gmail.com</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-9849</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>larisanik16@mail.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7200-2318</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Power Engineering University</institution><city xml:lang="en">Kazan</city><country xml:lang="en">Russia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный энергетический университет</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Казань</city><country xml:lang="ru">Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-25"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><fpage>145</fpage><lpage>155</lpage><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v2/26214.pdf" xlink:title="http://www.envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v2/26214.pdf">http://www.envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v2/26214.pdf</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-e059eb16-927b-4088-90a3-cb7a3af72498.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлены результаты исследования процесса адсорбции анионных синтетических поверхностно-активных веществ из водных сред отходом энергетики - карбонатным шламом водоподготовки тепловых электрических станций, модифицированным связующим материалом - парафином (ШМП). Сорбционная ёмкость ШМП по додецилсульфату натрия (ДСН) составляет 22,1 мг/г. На основе изотерм Ленгмюра рассчитаны константы ад-сорбционного равновесия, изостерические теплоты адсорбции, значения свободной энергии Гиббса по уравнению Гиббса-Гельгольца. Установлено, что процесс протекает самопроизвольно. Определены основные термодинамические характеристики процесса адсорбции, на основании которых установлено, что на полученном сорбционном материале протекает физическая адсорбция. Для исследования механизма адсорбции на ШМП проведено экспериментальное определение кинетических показателей процесса. Адсорбция ДСН на ШМП реализуется на 80-90 % в первые 4050 мин. Энергия активации адсорбции составляет 7,64 кДж/моль. Полученные результаты исследований могут быть использованы для разработки технологии адсорбционной очистки сточных вод ШМП на этапе локальной очистки сточных вод промышленных предприятий. Предлагаемый подход к очистке водных сред является экологически безопасным, вовлекает отходы энергетики в качестве вторичных материальных ресурсов и позволит снизить антропогенную нагрузку на окружающую природную среду.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article presents the results of a study of the anionic synthetic surfactants adsorption by energy waste - carbonate sludge from water treatment of thermal power plants, modified by a binding material - paraffin-modified sludge (PMS). Paraffin wax was used as a binding component; it is hydrophobic, insolubil, and has sorption capacity for the absorbed surfactants. It was experimentally established that introduction of the binding component in an amount of 30 wt. % is the most appropriate.The sorption capacity of PMS is 22.1 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm belongs to type I according to the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller classification, which indicates monomolecular adsorption. The constants of adsorption equilibrium, isosteric heats of adsorption were calculated based on Langmuir isotherms. The values of Gibbs free energy were calculated using the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation. It was found that the process occurs spontaneously. The main thermodynamic characteristics of the adsorption process were determined, based on which it was established that physical adsorption occurs on the obtained sorption material due to Van der Waals forces. To study the adsorption mechanism on PMS, an experimental determination of kinetic dependencies was carried out. The adsorption of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) by PMS is realized by 80-90 % in the first 40-50 minutes. The activation energy of adsorption is 7.64 kJ/mol. The obtained research results can be used to develop the adsorption wastewater treatment technology in industrial enterprises. The environmentally safe proposed technology involves energy waste as secondary material resources and reduces the anthropogenic load on the environment.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>отход производства</kwd><kwd>анионные поверхностно-активные вещества</kwd><kwd>термодинамические характеристики</kwd><kwd>очистка сточных вод</kwd><kwd>адсорбция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wastewater treatment</kwd><kwd>adsorption</kwd><kwd>industrial waste</kwd><kwd>anionic surfactants</kwd><kwd>thermodynamic characteristics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счёт предоставленного в 2025 году Фондом науки и технологий Республики Татарстан гранта на осуществление фундаментальных и прикладных научных работ в научных и образовательных организациях, предприятиях и организациях реального сектора экономики Республики Татарстан № 9 от 01.12.2025.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">1. 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