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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теоретическая и прикладная экология</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1995-4301</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25750/1995-4301-2026-2-137-144</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Ингибирующий эффект иодмоноформазана в восстановлении иоднитротетразолия хлорида суспензией бактерии Bacillus stearothermophilus в физиологическом растворе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Iodmonoformazan inhibits iodonitrotetrazolium chloride reduction by Bacillus stearothermophilus suspension in a saline solution</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>777aleksa777_89@mail.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1551-5790</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5975-2608</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьева</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanasieva</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3994-6907</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кувшинова</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuvshinova</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9322-1221</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балуева</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balueva</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7195-7094</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тубакина</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tubakina</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9219-0769</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n. a. R. E. Alekseev</institution><city xml:lang="en">Nizhny Novgorod</city><country xml:lang="en">Russia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Нижний Новгород</city><country xml:lang="ru">Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-25"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>144</lpage><self-uri xlink:href="http://envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v2/26213.pdf" xlink:title="http://envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v2/26213.pdf">http://envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v2/26213.pdf</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-ae945355-e2b3-4bd0-bcdb-5ef07beefaf9.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Изучена скорость восстановления иоднитротетразолия хлорида бактерией Bacillus stearothermophilus в физиологическом растворе при температуре 37 оC, оптимальной для жизнедеятельности микроорганизмов. Выявлено, что скорость реакции замедляется при достижении конверсии реагента 60-70 %. Выдвинуто предположение об ингибирующей роли в восстановлении соли тетразолия продукта реакции иодмоноформазана. На основании экспериментальных данных зависимости текущей концентрации иодмоноформазана от времени экспозиции предложена формально-кинетическая схема реакции восстановления иодмоноформазана клеточными донорами электронов. В соответствии со схемой продукт реакции взаимодействует с клеточными редокс-центрами с образованием неактивных комплексов с константами ингибирования Ki. Диаграммным методом получено интегральное кинетическое уравнение, которое согласуется с экспериментальными данными. Определено численное значение константы ингибирования продуктом, равное (1,42 ± 0,12) . 10-5 М.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>Tetrazolium salts are used in monitoring the ecological state of environmental objects, especially after exposure to factors unfavorable to organisms: forest fires, oil spills, industrial and household pollution. The possibility of identifying the indicator properties of iodinitrotetrazolium chloride (INT) to assess the viability of the aerobic bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus is shown. The dependence of the concentration of the iodomonoformazane (IMF) reduction product on the exposure time at an optimal for the vital microorganisms’ activity temperature of 37 оC was studied as a criterion for quantifying the bacterium reducing ability in relation to a tetrazolium salt. The IMF concentration was determined spectrophotometrically at 490 nm wavelength after extraction of an aliquot of the reaction mixture with ethyl acetate. It was found that the reaction rate slows down when the reagent conversion reaches 60-70 %. It has been suggested that a decrease in the regenerative capacity of bacterial cells may be due to the IMF recovery product inhibitory effect. Formazane is less polar than INT, and has a greater affinity for cellular components. This argument suggests that IMF forms inactive complexes with cellular reducing agents. The blocking of cellular redox centers by the reduction product may be the main reason for the decrease in reagent conversion over time. A formal kinetic scheme of the IMF reduction reaction by cellular electron donors is proposed based on experimental data on the dependence of the IMF current concentration on the exposure time. According to the scheme, the reaction product does not selectively interact with cellular redox centers to form inactive complexes with an inhibition constant Ki. The scheme is processed by the diagram method based on the quasi-equilibrium approximation of kinetic scheme analysis. The integral kinetic equation in Walker-Schmidt coordinates, which are widely used in enzymatic catalysis, is obtained by the diagram method. The kinetic equation obtained is consistent with the experimental data. The numerical value of the inhibition constant by the product equal to (1.42 ± 0.12) . 10-5 M was determined.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иоднитротетразолия хлорид</kwd><kwd>Bacillus stearothermophilus</kwd><kwd>кинетическая схема ингибирования продуктом реакции</kwd><kwd>константа ингибирования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>iodonitrotetrazolium chloride</kwd><kwd>Bacillus stearothermophilus</kwd><kwd>kinetic scheme of inhibition by the reaction product</kwd><kwd>diagram method</kwd><kwd>inhibition constant</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">1. Altman F.P. Tetrazolium salts and formazans // Prog. Histochem. Cytochem. 1976. V. 9. No. 3. P. 1–56. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6336(76)80015-0</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">2. Seidler E. The tetrazolium-formazan system: design and histochemistry // Prog. Histochem. 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